§ 10 of the Nationality Act (StAG) governs what is known as naturalization as of right. It is the most common route to German nationality. This article explains in general terms what "entitlement" means in this context and which requirements the law names. Whether these requirements are met in a specific case is determined solely by the competent naturalization authority.
What "naturalization as of right" means
Naturalization as of right is a legal entitlement: if all statutory requirements are met, the authority must naturalize — it has no discretion in this respect. This distinguishes § 10 from discretionary naturalization under § 8 StAG, where the authority "may" naturalize but is not obliged to.
The requirements of § 10 StAG
For naturalization as of right, the law requires in particular:
- Five years of lawful and habitual residence in Germany (§ 10 Abs. 1 Satz 1 StAG).
- A commitment to the free democratic basic order.
- An existing right of residence.
- A secured livelihood without ongoing benefits under SGB II or SGB XII.
- Sufficient knowledge of German, generally at level B1.
- A passed naturalization test.
- As a rule, no relevant criminal record; § 12a StAG provides a threshold for minor offenses.
In addition, there must be a clarified identity and nationality.
What has changed since 2024
With the reform of nationality law, several points have been newly regulated:
- Residence period shortened from eight to five years (since 27 June 2024).
- No more "fast-track" route: the shortening to three years for special integration achievements that was possible in the interim was abolished without replacement as of 30 October 2025. A three-year route via § 10 no longer exists since then.
- Multiple nationality as the standard case: the former obligation to give up one's previous nationality has been removed since 27 June 2024. Retaining one's previous nationality is therefore generally possible.
- New commitment to Germany's special historical responsibility, in particular to the protection of Jewish life.
Who decides on the application
A residence period of less than five years does not meet the requirement of § 10. Whether all other requirements are met is assessed and decided solely by the competent nationality authority. This article names only the statutory standards, not an assessment of an individual case.
No legal advice in individual cases: This article reflects the general legal situation and is not legal advice in an individual case. Whether the requirements named apply in your case is determined solely by the competent naturalization authority. For a non-binding initial assessment, use the eligibility check; for legal questions about your case, please contact a law firm.